The development of primitive tribal groups: A case of Lodha and Birhor of West Bengal
- Author Santanu Panda
- DOI
- Country : India
- Subject : Anthropology
Keywords : Vulnerable tribe, Lodha, Birhor, Development inputs, Primitive Tribal Group (PTG)
Abstract
Particularly vulnerable tribal group (PVTG) earlier called as Primitive tribal group (PTG) is a Government of India classification created for the purpose of enabling improvement in the conditions of certain communities with particularly low development indices. In India, 75 communities are regarded as PVTG and in West Bengal only three communities are regarded as a PVTG viz. Bihor, Lodha and Toto. In this study, we have made an attempt to study the implementation of various types of developmental programmes of the Central and State Governments among the two communities (Birhor and Lodha) of Purulia and Paschim Medinipur District of West Bengal. In the post-Independence period the main aim of the Government was to put off the stigma of criminal tribe designation of the Lodha-Sabar community. At the same time the Government also wanted to uplift the socio-economic condition of the Primitive Tribal Groups (PTG) like Lodha-Sabar and Birhor who mainly depended on forest produce and daily labour. The study revealed that the major constraint of the implementation of the developmental programmes among the Lodhas and Birhors lie in their landlessness and poverty. The study also revealed that how the developmental state failed to implement its stated good policies for these communities. Finally, some recommendations have been made about how a better implementation could be made to bring confidence among the Birhor and Lodha community towards the improvement in their living condition. (232)
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