Appraisal of ground water quality and its management has the paramount in the field of environmental quality management. Underground water quality of former capital of Vijayanagar Empire has a special significance and in this area under ground is the main source for the drinking and domestic activity of the human beings. In the present appraisal greater attention made towards the declining in the ground water level and quality due to increase in the community and rapid urbanization. The present study was made attempt to access the underground water quality using water quality index in the former capital of Vijayanagar Empire of Karnataka state. The underground water samples were collected manually from bore well and hand pump, which are identified based on the activity, equally distributed in the all over the selected area in the present study. Total twenty five ground water samples were collected and transferred to the laboratory for analysis using standard procedure. The water quality index were calculated using some of the ground water quality variables. The ground water quality index was used to express the water quality for different purposes in daily human needs. WQI has been computed based on ten different quality parameters to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes in Sandur taluk of former capital of Vijayanagara Empire, Karnataka. The computed WQI shows that 28.0% of water sample falls in the ‘Fair’ it Needs Treatment (Filtration & Disinfection) water category. 32.0% of water sample falls in the ‘Good’ it is acceptable category On the other hand 40.0% of water samples fall in the ‘excellent’ category which indicates that the about 29.0 % of the ground water is not suitable for direct consumption and requires treatment..
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