The Impact of the Post – Soviet Transition on Women in Mongolia
- Author Dr. Suraya Amin Basu
- DOI
- Country : India
- Subject : International Relations
Keywords : Transition, Sum, Labour-market, Monkhood, Gender-equality, Female representation, Social-services, Aimag, Tugrik, Female Unemployment, Wage scales.
Abstract
The study analyses the impact of the Post-Soviet political and socioeconomic transitions on women in Mongolia particularly in terms of the challenges facing them. It reviews the impact of Soviet policies on gender roles and relations in order to contextualize post-Soviet developments. It identifies the critical issues affecting women from the perspective of their overall empowerment and prospects for achieving gender equality in the context of Mongolian society. It looks at both positive and negative impacts of the transformation in economic, political and social structures on women’s status. Gender relations affect social and economic functioning at all levels. Analyzing gender issues involve examining women and men in terms of the roles they play in society,’ roles which change as societies change. Overall, transition to a market economy has resulted in a widening of gender differences in the spheres of politics, the economy and social life. Since the early 1990s, female participation in political life has declined and women are ‘practically invisible as partners in setting new “rules of the game”. The position of women in the labor market has deteriorated. Women have lost jobs faster than men, remained unemployed for longer periods of time, and had fewer job opportunities in the private sector. Women have had a higher unemployment rate than men. Reductions in employment and pay have resulted in greater dependence on government benefits, though these have been eroding rapidly. Women’s caring functions within the family have also increased substantially at the same time as their incomes and available social services have declined. Overall, there has been a deterioration of
Women’s status. Following a brief overview of situation and status of women in Mongolia before transition, this paper analyses the current status of women and the major issues affecting them
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