Neuroprotective Potential of Avocado Peel Correlates with Antioxidant Status in Starvation and Refeeding In Wistar Rats.
- Author Ogadinma Ilochi
- Co-Author Arthur N. Chuemere
- DOI
- Country : Nigeria
- Subject : Human Physiology
Keywords : Avocado peel, anxiety, oxidative stress biomarkers, starvation and refeeding, learning and memory
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the potency of hydroethanolic avocado (Persea americana) peel extracts in starvation and re-feeding on brain oxidative stress markers and to determine its anxiolytic, learning and memory potential by using elevated plus-maze and navigation multiple maze tests respectively in male wistar rats, as an animal model for cognitive function. Sixty rats were divided into six groups A, B, C, D, E and F, having 10 rats each. Groups A and B received distilled water as control and 50mg/kg body weight of the extract orally respectively and were allowed feed ad libitum. Groups C-F served as test groups and completed a 48 hr zero-calorie diet programme. Thereafter, Group C was given normal saline while Groups D, E and F were administered graded doses of the extracts and fed intermittently ad libitum for a period of 42 days. After cognitive studies, brain tissues were obtained for elucidation of the effects of the extract on oxidative stress markers. Results revealed that starvation and refeeding with the extracts significantly and in a dose-time-dependent manner, improved learning and memory as reflected by the decrease in time spent in the navigation multiple maze tests. In the elevated plus maze, the extract also significantly and in a dose-time-dependent way, caused anxiolytic effect by increasing the time spent in the open arms and decreased time spent in the closed arms. Significant increase was observed in MDA, F2isoP, and PC while the opposite was the case for SOD, GPx and CAT after starvation stress in a dose-dependent way. By refeeding, the results revealed that the extracts significantly down-regulated MDA, F2isoP and PC while up-regulated SOD, GPx and CAT activities dose‐dependently. It can be concluded that the administration of Nigerian avocado peel extracts prevented anxiety and improved learning and memory dramatically after starvation and refeeding in rats, possibly through its unique cytoprotective mechanisms such as antioxidant efficacy.
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