Status of marine environmental pollution in Vietnam

Author Thieu Sang Ha
Co-Author Phuoc Quy Phong Nguyen
DOI

Country : Vietnam
Subject : Transport

Keywords : maritime, pollution, environment, strategy

Abstract

Vietnam has 28/63 coastal provinces and cities with a large population, the total population of the coastal strip is about 43.51 million people, of which urban population accounts for 34%; population density is about 1.9 times higher than the national average density; The average population growth rate is about 0.91%. This increase puts significant pressure on the environment, natural resources and marine ecology. Besides, the promotion of marine and island economic sectors with a range of activities such as oil and gas exploitation, maritime, aquaculture, marine tourism development, construction of coastal ports and distribution systems developing economic zones, industrial zones, coastal urban areas ... also makes the sea environment worse. The ability to pollute from maritime activities is very large, especially pollution due to emissions and waste water from transport vehicles. Wastewater usually comes from ships and marine vehicles, ship building and repair factories, seaports, yards and warehouses. In particular, marine industrial wastewater often contains high levels of mineral oils, cleaning chemicals and heavy metals seriously threatening the quality of seawater in areas receiving wastewater. At Hai Phong - Quang Ninh port cluster, in recent years there are about 400 outbound vessels, the amount of ballast water from seagoing ships is estimated to be estimated at 430,000 - 710,000m3. Particularly in 2008, the amount of waste water and oil from 394 ships to Hai Phong port was 4,578 tons, of which 2,561 tons of sludge.

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