Kinetics Studies of Liquid State Catalytic Synthesis of Urea Formaldehyde Resin at 40oc
- Country : Nigeria
- Subject : Chemistry
Keywords : ureaformaldehyde resin; synthesis; acid-catalyst; kinetics studies
Abstract
Three (3) different ureaformaldehyde resins (UFRHCl, UFRH2SO4 and UFRHNO3) were synthesized from urea and formaldehyde solutions of equal volumes and molar concentrations in the presence of three (3) different acid-catalysts (HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3) at 40oC. The resins formed were subjectedFTIR and UV/visible analyses. The experimental data obtained were used for kinetics studies of the process. The work showed that the quantities of the resins generated were 2.368g (UFRHCl), 3.410g (UFRH2SO4) and 3.769g (UFRHNO3); all the groups identified in the resins confirmed to those shown in the end-product of the proposed 4- step reaction for the synthesis of resin; four (4) different absorptions were observed from UFRH2SO4and two (2) different absorptions from each of UFRHCl and UFRHNO3. The work also showed that the rates of formation of the resin were 7.220x10-5, 1.580x10-4 and 6.980x10-5 for UFRHCl, UFRH2SO4 and UFRHNO3, respectively; the corresponding rate constants for the reactions were 3.00x10-7,6.500x10-7 and 2.870x10-7, respectively; the respective times taken for the reactions were 180 sec, 120 sec and 300 sec; the fraction of catalyst participated in the formation of complex was found to be equal (0.900mol/dm3) in each reactor; the rate of complex formation were 0.900x10-7, 1.950x10-7 and 8.600x10-8 for H2SO4 and HNO3, respectively and; the quantity of excess catalyst was also found to be equal (2.100mol/dm3) in each reactor
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