The objective was to determine the level of anti-HBs Antibodies in order to define the immune status against hepatitis B of blood donors at the National Blood Transfusion Center (CNTS) in N'Djamena and to assess the risks of transmission. of hepatitis B by transfusion to help improve transfusion safety through optimal biological qualification.
From March 1 to May 31, 2020, a study of virological markers was conducted with blood donors (volunteers and first-time donors for the most part) at CNTS N'Djamena. The donors included were also tested negative for the markers (anti-HCV Ab, Ag/Ab HIV and syphilis) according to standard clinical microbiology methods.
Of the 278 donors included in this study, we determined a rate of 48.2% of anti-HBs Antibodies and 64% of anti-HBc Antibodies. The different profiles determined by combining the results of the three markers were: infected, cured and immune (42.81%); uninfected (30.94%); old infection (20.14%); vaccinated typical profile (6.12%) respectively. A significant difference was observed between the proportions of male (78%) and female (22%) donors with a probability of 0.001.
This study made it possible to determine the high level of anti-HBs Antibodies in blood donors with perfect immunity and their donation no longer constituted a danger for the recipients. In view of this result, we recommend screening for viral DNA B in blood donors with negative HBsAg and HBc Ab carriers, in order to better understand the physiognomy of hepatitis B virus infection in Chad.
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