With the increase in life expectancy, the number of elderly people worldwide is increasing—no wonder the incidence of cataracts is growing worldwide and in Indonesia. Definitive cataract therapy is by operative action. The surgical technique that is increasingly being done is the phacoemulsification technique. This technique is said to have the fastest recovery time with minimal side effects, but some studies stated that the incidence of dry eye post-phacoemulsification was relatively high. This study wants to find out what can affect the incidence of dry eye post-phacoemulsification. From a literature search, several things that affect the incidence of dry eye post phacoemulsification before surgery are age, systemic disorders in the form of diabetes mellitus, and duration of smoking habits. Things that affect intraoperatively include incision wounds in the cornea, topical eye drops used, whether they contain the preservative benzalkonium chloride, heat generated both from the light of the microscope lamp and the phacoemulsification tooltip, and the duration of surgery. Symptoms of dry eyes that arise can appear immediately after surgery up to a maximum of 7 days after surgery, symptoms diminish over time. The condition of the eyes back to normal is achieved within 12 weeks. When giving mixed eye drops of antibiotics and steroids postoperatively, phacoemulsification will help reduce inflammatory reactions and the incidence of dry eye post-phacoemulsification.
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